دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: most present-day seamless drill pipe falls into one of four American Petroleum Institute (API) grades. (1) E-75, with a minimum yield strength of 75,000 psi (517,125 kilopascals-kPa),a maximum yield strength of 105,000 psi (723,975 kPa),and a minimum tensile strength of 100,000 psi (689,500 kPa);(2) X- 95, with a minimum yield strength of 95,000 psi (655,025 kPa),a maximum yield strength of 125,000 psi (861,875 kPa),and a minimum tensile strength of 105,000 psi (723,975 kPa);(3) G-105, with a minimum yield strength of 105,000 psi (723,975 kPa),a maximum yield strength of 135,000 psi (930,825 kPa),and a minimum tensile strength of 115,000 psi (792,925 kPa);and S-135, with a minimum yield strength of 135,000 psi (930,825 kPa),a maximum yield strength of 165,000 psi (1,137,675 kPa),and a minimum tensile strength of 145,000 psi (999,775 kPa). V-150 is a non- API, but higher strength, grade. It has a minimum yield strength and a tensile strength of 150,000 psi (1,034,250 kPa).

a device that measures an electric field at multiple points at the same time. The gradient is the difference in measured values per unit of distance between the measuring points.

n: the section of reduced cross-sectional area at the top and/or rottom of an open tank prover. It has visible graduations to enable measuring small volumes.

n: the phenomenon that diamand burned out or softened because of overheated caused by scarce delivery capacity of drill fluid versized drill pressure when adamantine drill working under the bottom of well。

n: a mass of very fine gravel placed around a slotted liner in a wen. See gravel packing.

n: A sand-control method used to prevent production of formation sand. In gravel pack operations, a steel screen is placed in the wellbore and the surrounding annulus packed with prepared gravel of a specific size designed to prevent the passage of formation

a sand control completion that uses a larger gravel to stop the formation sand and a screen to stop the gravel.

a neutron-type device that evaluates the packing completeness or condition of the gravel pack. The log is useful for estimating voids in the pack.

n: an instrument used to detect and measure minute differences in the earths gravitational pull at different locations to obtain data about subsurface formations.

a device that measures the local gravitational pull. Gravimeters are useful for determining small changes in the gravity. Very useful for detecting salt domes.

n: 1. the attraction exerted by the earths mass on objects at its surface. 2. the weight of a body. See API gravity. relative density, specific gravity.

n: the ratio of weight of equal volume of two sunbstances, one of which is taken as a standard. Water is taken as a standard of comparison for liquids and solids ( specific gravity ). For gas, air is usually taken ,although hydrogen is sometimes used.

n: a double index scale against which a fixed reference pointer may be moved to correct for variations in gravity from a base point computed for water at 60�F. The compensator is marked in both specific gravity and API gravity units.

n: see inside blowout preventer: