دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: in tank sampling, a sample that is obtained by submerging a stoppered beaker or bottle to a poinias near as possible to the draw-off level, then opening the sampler and raising it at a rate that makes it about three-quarters full (maxi- mum 85%) as it emerges from the liquid.

n: a floating marker used in a spread mooring system to position each anchor of a semi-submersible rig or drill ship. See spread mooring system.

n: 1. a body of coarse, poorly sorted sediments formed by the coalescence of alluvial or detrital fans along the flanks of a mountain range. 2. a similar body of turbidite sediments formed by the coalescence of submarine debris fans along the base of the continental slope.

n: a mobile submersible drilling structure used in arctic areas. The rig is towed onto the drilling site and submerged during periods when the water is free of ice. All equipment below the waterline is surrounded by a caisson to protect it from damage by moving ice. The drilling deck has no square comers so that moving ice can better flow around it. See submersible drilling rig.

n: any method used to raise oil to the surface through a well after reservoir pressure has declined to the point at which the well no longer produces by means of natural energy. Sucker rod pumps, gas lift, hydraulic pumps, and submersible electric pumps are the most common means of artificial lift.

one of several methods that provide pressure assistance to increase flow from a well. The most common systems lighten (decrease density) of the flowing fluid (gas lift),or remove all or part of the liquid head from the reservoir (beam and electric submer

n: a welding technique for joining pipe ends. Two general types of automatic welding used in pipeline construction are submerged-arc welding and automatic wire welding.

n: a reef or mound built by small organisms and their remains, such as coral, plankton, and oysters. Originally a waveresistant coral structure served as an anchor for calcareous debris that formed limestone. It was tectonically submerged, or the sea level rose faster than the corals could build it, and it was eventually buried beneath marine shales. A bioherm is often porous enough to hold large accumulations of hydrocarbons, especially if it has been dolomitized. A bioherm is a stratigraphic trap.

benchmark.

below mud line. BMP: best management practice.

base management team