دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: pressure exceeding or falling below the pressure to be expected at a given depth. Normal pressure increases approximately 0.465 pow1ds per square inch per foot of depth or 10.5 kilopascals per metre of depth. Thus, normal pressure at 1,000 feet is 465 pounds per square inch;at 1,000 metres it is 10,500 kilopascals. See pressure gradient.

n: A formation pressure that deviates from the normal formation fluid hydrostatic pressure. Such pressure may be classified as "subnormal" (lower than normal) or "overpressured" (higher than normal).

(atm) n: a unit of pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure at sea level, 14.7 pounds per square inch (101.325 kilopascals)

n: the pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere. At sea level, the pressure is approximately 14.7 pounds per square inch (101.325 kilopascals),often referred to as 1 atmosphere. Also called barometric pressure.

n: the first cross-country pipeline with a 24-inch (61-centimetre) diameter. The 1,340-mile (2,157 -kilometre) Big Inch was begun in 1942 with government financing as a part of an emergency construction program (War Emergency Pipelines) to meet the demand for petroleum products during World War II.

n: the temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid becomes equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding atmosphere. The boiling point of water is 212ﾰF or 100ﾰC at atmospheric pressure (14.7 pounds per square inch gauge or 101.325 kilopascals).

the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on it by the surrounding atmosphere.

the amount of heat input required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by 1oF at water’s maximum density at 39oF. It is approximately equal to 1 kilojoule.

n: a measure of heat energy equivalent to the amount of heat needed to raise 1 pound of water 1ﾰF at or near its point of maximum density (39.1ﾰF). Equivalent to 0.252 kilogram- calorie or 1,055 joules.

British Thermal Unit.

n: trade name for appratus for cleaning and freeing oil tanks of gas by means of high-pressure jets of hot water. It consistes essentially of opposed double nozzles, which rotate slowly about their horizontal and vertical axes and project two streams of hot water at a pressure of 175 psi (1,206 kilo pascals) against all inside surfaces of the deck, bulkheads, and shell plating.

n: a form of electric submersible pumping for artificial lift, in which the pump can be run or pulled on the power cable. This type of pump installation is made possible by power cables designed for tensile loads in excess of 100,000 pounds (45,360 kilo- grams).

n: (cgs) a variant of the metric system in which the measures are founded on the centimetre, gram, and second rather than directly on the kilogram and metre.