دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: the standard unit of gamma ray measurement. Standardisation of this unit results from the normalisation of the detector-measurement systems of all primary service companies in the API test pits at the University of Houston. The API gamma ray unit is defined as 1/200 of the difference in log deflection between two zones of different gamma ray intensity. The test pit is constructed so that the average midcontinent shale will record about 100 API gamma ray units.

v: to pass from one point throughout a system and back to me starting point. For example, drilling fluid is circulated out of the suction pit, down the drill pipe and drill collars, out the bit, up the annulus, and back to the pits while drilling proceeds.

v: To cycle drilling fluid through the drill string and wellbore, returning to the mud pits. This operation is carried out during drilling and is also used to condition the mud while drilling is suspended.

establishing flow down the tubing or drill pipe and up the annulus. Reverse circulating involves injecting down the annulus and up the drill pipe.

n: the movement of drilling fluid out of the mud pits, down the drill stem, up the annulus, and back to the mud pits. See normal circulation, reverse circulation.

n: The movement of drilling fluid through the flow system on a drilling or workover rig. This circulation starts at the suction pit and goes through the mud pump, drill pipe, bit, annular space in the hole, flowline, fluid pits, and back again to the suction

n: a method of killing a well in which the mud level in the pits is held constant while the choke size is reduced and the pump speed slowed. It is not effective, and therefore is not recommended, because casing pressure increases to the point at which the formation fractures or the casing ruptures, and control of the well is lost.

n: A kind of well killing method. Keep fluid level of drilling fluid constant by decreasing the diameter of choke and slowing down speed of pump.

n: a metal strip inserted into a system to monitor corrosion rate and to indicate corrosion inhibitor effectiveness. corrosion fatigue n: metal fatigue concentrated in corrosion pits. See fatigue.

a representative piece of metal cut to a specific size and shape that is immersed in a test bath of placed in the flow stream to enable an estimation of the active corrosion occurring in a given set of conditions.

n: the pits or pools used to storing ,manufacturing and purifying the fluid

n: a railing for guarding against danger or trespass. On a drilling or workover rig, for example, guardrails are used on the rig floor to prevent persons from falling;guardrails are also installed on the mud pits and other high areas where there is any danger of falling.

v: to agitate the drilling fluid in a pit by means of a mud gun, electric mixer, or agitator.

mix the pits.

n: mechanical agitation of the drilling fluid in a pit by means of a mud gun, electric or agitator.

n: 1. a hydraulic device operated by a centrifugal pump used to clean the mud pits, or tanks, and to mix mud components.2. in a perforating gun using shaped charges, a highly penetrating, fast-moving stream of exploded particles that forms a hole in the casing, cement, and formation.

n: To drill soft, unconsolidated, usually shallow formations by eroding the rock below the bit by hydraulic impact loading alone. Though not as common as in the past, a bit may be fitted with asymmetric nozzles, one large and two or more small nozzles. If