دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

v: to amass or collect. When oil and gas migrate into porous formations, the quantity collected is called an accumulation.

the deviation angle (from vertical) at which a solid material will no longer fall down the pipe, but will begin to accumulate on the pipe wall. The angle of repose for dry, round sand is about 62o and for wet sand about 50o to 60o depending on size, shape

n: The phenomenon that the cuttings accumulate in the wellbore because flushing cannt clean the wellbore timely in the drilling programe. It is one of the most important affecting factor of bit penetration.

n: a specialised form of intermittent-flow gas lift that functions in the same way as other forms, except that, when the injection gas is off, incoming well fluids accumulate in a chamber having a larger diameter than the tubing. For the same volume of fluid, hydrostatic head and wellbore pressure at the formation are both reduced.

n: the accumulate footage of the drilled well in certain time frame

n: a hydrocarbon and water compound that is formed under reduced temperature and pressure in gathering, compression, and transmission facilities for gas. Hydrates often accumulate in troublesome amounts and impede fluid flow. They resemble snow or ice. v: to enlarge by taking water on or in.

a clathrate type molecule (cage) of gas and water that forms in a certain range of temperature and pressure in wells. In flow lines, hydrates are a problem in deep-water sub sea wellheads and flow lines, but also seen in some nearly dry, onshore gas wells

n: 1. a triangular sea-level extension of land shaped like the Greek letter Δ. 2. a depositional environment in which riverborne sediments accumulate as the flow energy of the river is dissipated in the ocean.

n: a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having the formula CnH2n+2 (e.g., methane, CH4;ethane, C2H6). Heavier paraffin hydrocarbons (i.e., C18H38) form a wax-like substance that is called paraffin. These heavier paraffins often accumulate on the walls of tubing and other production equipment, restricting or stopping the flow of the desirable lighter paraffins.

normal or straight carbon chain alkanes with carbon chain lengths of C18+. The alkanes in this range solidify at temperatures from 80oF to over 200oF. Paraffin is amorphous but may appear to have structure in slow growth examples.

n: a subsurface, porous, permeable rock body in which oil and/or gas has accumulated. Most reservoir rocks are limestones, dolomites, sandstones, or a combination. The three basic types of hydrocarbon reservoirs are oil, gas, and condensate. An oil reservoir generally contains three fluids-gas, oil, and water-with oil the dominant product. In the typical oil reservoir, these fluids become vertically segregated because of their different densities. Gas, the lightest, occupies the upper part of the reservoir rocks;water, the lower part;and oil, the intermediate section. In addition to its occurrence as a cap or in solution, gas may accumulate independently of the oil;if so, the reservoir is called a gas reservoir. Associated with the gas, in most instances, are salt water and some oil. In a condensate reservoir, the hydrocarbons may exist as a gas, but, when brought to the surface, some of the heavier ones condense to a liquid.

n: a subsurface porous permeable formation in which oil or gas is present.

an independent hydrocarbon holding rock.

n: a dynamic process by which different-sized sediments are separated from one another and deposited in different locations or layers as relatively uniform deposits. For instance, a high-energy mountain stream may leave only large cobbles and gravel in one location and carry finer sediments downstream to accumulate in a lower-energy environment, such as a lake.

a relative comparison of the formation to determine if there is a large difference between the size of the largest articles and the size of the smallest particles.