دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: any substance or combination of substances that, when dissolved in water, produces a solution that resists a change in its hydrogen ion concentration with the addition of acid or base.

a chemical used to keep the pH in a certain range without extremes of high or low pH.

n: ballast that is free of any measurable quantity of hydrocarbon cleaning and priming machine n: a self- propelled machine with a rotating set of brushes and buffers that removes from pipe surface any loose material and applies a thin coat of primer to prepare the pipe for coating.

n: (obsolete) kelly;kelly joint. grinding and buffing n: in pipeline construction, the process of cleaning pipe ends of dirt. rust, mill scale, or solvent to prepare them for welding. Grinding and buffing tasks are accomplished with power hand tools such as wire brushes and buffers. grind out v: to test for the presence of water in oil by use of a centrifuge.

n: refer to “kelly”

n: a method of improved oil recovery in which chemicals dissolved in water are pumped into a reservoir through injection wells to mobilise oil left behind after primary or secondary recovery and to move it toward production wells. The chemical solution includes surfactants or surfactant-forming chemicals that reduce the interfacial and capillary forces between oil and water. releasing the oil and carrying it out of the pores where it has been trapped. The solution may also contain cosurfactants to match the viscosity of the solution to that of the oil to stabilise the solution and to prevent its adsorption by reservoir rock. An electrolyte is often added to aid in adjusting viscosity. Injection of the chemical solution is followed by a slug of water thickened with a polymer. which pushes the released oil through the reservoir. decreases the effective permeability of established channels so that new channels are opened. and serves as a mobility buffer between the chemical solution and the final injection of water.

n: a polymer-water solution used in micellar-polymer flooding as a zone of viscosity transition between the initial injection of surfactant-water solution and the final injection of drive water. The lead edge of the polymer solution has a mobility equal to or less than that of the surfactant solution. and the trailing edge has a mobility close to that of water. This buffer zone prevents the drive water from fingering past the surfactant solution and thus reducing sweep efficiency. See micellar-polymer flooding.