دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

v: to remove water from a substance. Dehydration of crude oil is normally accomplished by treating with emulsion breakers. The water vapor in natural gas must be removed to meet pipeline requirements;a typical maximum allowable water vapor content is 7 pounds per million cubic feet (3.2 kilograms per million cubic metres) per day.

n: a chemical with properties that cause the water droplets in a water-inoil emulsion to merge and settle out of the oil, or oil droplets in an oil-in-water emulsion to coalesce, when the chemical is added to the emulsion. Also called emulsion breaker. See demulsify, emulsion breaker.

a chemical additive, usually a surfactant, that helps break emulsions.

n: see emulsion breaker.

n: a system, chemical, device, or process used for breaking down an emulsion and producing two or more easily separated compounds (such as water and oil). Emulsion breakers may be (1) devices to heat the emulsion, thus achieving separation by lowering the viscosity of the emulsion and allowing the water to settle out;(2) chemical compounds, which destroy or weaken the film around each globule of water, thus uniting all the drops;(3) mechani- cal devices, such as settling tanks and wash tanks;or (4) electrostatic treaters, which use an electric field to cause coalescence of the water globules.