دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

a small fracture treatment, without proppant, pumped into a well to assess fracture breakdown pressure, fracture extension pressure, fluid loss coefficient, frac fluid efficiency and fracture closure time.

n: a two-phase system, similar to an emulsion, in which the dispersed phase is a gas or air.

n: the dispersed material which forms through the insolubility gas dispersing in the fluid or melt solids

a gas in liquid emulsion. Common as a low density cleanout fluid or a frac fluid with reduced water content.

n: a fluid used in the fracturing process (i.e., a method of stimulating production by opening new flow channels in the rock surrounding a production well). Under extremely high hydraulic pressure, frac fluids (such as distillate, diesel fuel, crude oil, dilute hydrochloric acid, water, or kerosene) are pumped downward through production tubing or drill pipe and forced out below a packer or between two packers. The pressure causes cracks to open in the formation, and the fluid penetrates the formation through the cracks. Sand grains, aluminum pellets, walnut shells, or similar materials (propping agents) are carried in suspension by the fluid into the cracks. When the pressure is released at the surface, the fracturing fluid returns to the well but leaves behind the propping agents to hold open the formation cracks.

the fluid used in a fracturing treatment, may include pre and post treatment fluids.

the width of a fracture at the wellbore. Hydraulic frac width is generated by frac fluid viscosity and/or pump rate (i.e., horsepower).

well sorted and consistently sized sand or man-made materials that are injected with the frac fluid to hold the fracture faces apart after pressure is released.

n: The flux of fluids and solids which occurs in the initial stages of any filtration before pore openings are bridged and a filter cake is formed .Also called surge loss.

the initial loss of fluids from a mud or frac fluid, before the walk cake can be formed.