دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: a device fitted on the vertical support members of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) to circulate a refrigerant continuously between the subsoil and the top of the pipe. The refrigerant keeps the ground beneath the pipeline frozen to prevent frost heaving.

n: movement of the soil resulting from alternate thawing and freezing. Frost heaving generates stress on vertical support members of pipelines in the Arctic and, by extension, on the pipe itself.

n: the partial or complete collapse of the walls of a hole resulting from internal pressures due primarily to swelling from hydration or formation gas pressures. See caving.

n: the partial or complete collapse of the walls of a hole resulting from internal pressure due primarily to swelling from hydration or formation gas pressure. See also sloughing.

partial or full collapse of the wellbore by particles of shale.

n: part or complete collapse caused by bloating for hydration of the wall or the formation pressure

n: it usually refers to thethe activity difference between water in heaving shale and the liquid phase of fluid that caused soak and hydration, which caused the volume of shell becomes large.

v: the partial or complete collapse of the walls of a hole resulting from incompetent, unconsolidated formations, high angle or repose and wetting along internal bedding planes. See also heaving and cave-in.

(pronounced sluffing") n: see caving.

n: the partial or complete collapse of the walls of a hole resulting from incompetent, unconsolidated formations, high angle or repose and wetting along internal bedding planes. See also heaving and cave-in.