دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

ring compound materials in the oil composed of carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, nickel and other trace materials. Asphaltenes are mostly very small platelets (35 A) suspended by micelles of maltenes and resins and carried through the oil. They precipitate by agg

BASO4 scale is produced in the well and in facilities as the result of precipitation when incompatible waters (one having Ba ion and the other SO4 ion) are mixed or when the equilibrium of the flowing fluid reduced and a precipitate is triggered by over s

a chemical that can tie up the molecules of an element, such as iron, and keep it in solution past the point where it should naturally precipitate.

n: a rock of precipitated silica whose crystalline structure is not easily discemible and that fractures conchoidally (like glass). Flint, jasper, and chat are forms of chert.

a hard, silicate sedimentary rock. Similar to flint, but with less ordered structure. A cryptocrystalline form of quartz.

secondary recovery technique for oil. The carbon dioxide gas is injected and alternated with water. CO2 lowers the viscosity of most oils, but may trigger severe asphaltene and scale precipitates.

a device with a chilled probe that measures the temperature at which paraffin will precipitate of an oil solution.

iron hydroxide gel (a precipitate after acid spends).

valence state +3 iron in solution. A very common catalyst in oil field emulsion and sludge formation. Precipitates at iron hydroxide when the pH exceeds 1.8 to 2.2 (depending on sour conditions).

valence state +2 iron in solution. In oil field operations, most solution iron is ferrous until oxygen is encountered. Precipitates at iron hydroxide when the pH exceeds 7 or when oxidized to ferric by contact with oxygen.

a common form of calcium sulfate precipitate or scale. CaSO4-H2O.