دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: a hypothetical temperature at which there is a total absence of heal Since heat is a result of energy caused by molecular motion, there is no motion of molecules with respect to each other at absolute zero.

zero point on the absolute temperature scale;equal to -273.16 degrees C, or 0 degrees K (Kelvin),or -459.69 degrees F, or 0 degrees R (Rankine).

a solid stick of chloro-acetic or sulfamic acid for small scale removal of acid soluble deposits.

large scale injection of pH>7 fluids. The basic materials may react with oils to form reactants that can reduce viscosity or affect wetting.

n pi: bacteria that do not require free oxygen to live or that are not destroyed by its absence. Under certain conditions, anaerobic bacteria can cause scale to form in water-handling facilities in oilfields or hydrogen sulphide to be produced from sulphates.

n: a glass-stem thermometer in which the tail is bent at an angle to the stem so that the tail can be mounted in a horizontally disposed thermowell, leaving the scale vertical for greater ease of reading.

n: the measure of the density or gravity of liquid petroleum products in the United States;derived from relative density in accordance with the following equation: API gravity at 60ﾰF = [141.5 + relative density 60/60ﾰF] -131.5 API gravity is expressed in degrees, 1 D. API being equivalent to 1.0, the specific gravity of water. See gravity.

n: A measure of the density of liquid petroleum products, expressed in degrees. It can be derived from the following equation: API gravity (degree) =141.5/specific gravity-131.5

the relative density of a hydrocarbon based on a scale of degrees API. Density in g/cc = (141 / (131 +API)).

adj: pertaining to sand or sandy rocks (such as arenaceous shale).

sand particles, 0.625 to 2 mm on the Udden-Wentworth scale.

BASO4 scale is produced in the well and in facilities as the result of precipitation when incompatible waters (one having Ba ion and the other SO4 ion) are mixed or when the equilibrium of the flowing fluid reduced and a precipitate is triggered by over s

n: a chemical compound of barium, sulphur, and oxygen (BaSﾰ4),which may form a tenacious scale that is very difficult to remove. Also called barite.

n: a laboratory unit used for evaluating or testing drilling fluids. One gram of material, when added to 350 millilitres of fluid, is equivalent to 1 pound of material added to one 42-gallon barrel of fluid.

a laboratory measuring scale for expressing mixtures of products used to formulate muds. One gram of material added to 350 cc of liquid is equivalent to 1 lb of material added to a 42 gallon barrel.