دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

a strongly basic metal such as sodium or potassium.

n: a method of improved recovery in which alkaline chemicals such as sodium hydroxide are injected during a water flood or combined with polymer flooding. The chemicals react with the natural acid present in certain crude oils to form surfactants within the reservoir. The surfactants enable the water to move additional quantities of oil from the depleted reservoir. Compare chemical flooding, polymer flooding, water flooding.

n: See sodium bicarbonate.

n: a substance capable of reacting with an acid to form a salt. A typical base is sodium hydroxide (caustic),with the chemical formula NaOH. For example, sodium hydroxide combines with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride (a salt) and water. This reaction is written chemically as NaOH + HCl -+ NaCI + H2O.

n: the replacement of cations associated with a clay surface by those of another element, e.g., the conversion of sodium clay to calcium clay.

n: water that has a large quantity of salt, especially sodium chloride, dissolved in it;salt water.

n: Dissolving a great quantity of salt, especailly sodium chloride. Usually used to make up salt water drilling fluid.

a mixture of water and a soluble salt. Most common brines are sodium chloride NaCl, potassium chloride KCl and calcium chloride CaCl2. Brine densities may range from 8.33 to > 19 lb/gal (1 to >2.28 g/cc). The USGS definition of a brine is a salinity of mo

a strong base chemical. Caustic soda is sodium hydroxide.

n: sodium hydroxide, NaOH. It is used to maintain an alkaline pH in drilling mud and in petroleum fractions.

n: See sodium hydroxide.

n: a vessel holding sodium hydroxide or other alkalis through which a solution flows for removal of sulphides, mercaptans, or acids.

n: a compound in which chromium has a valence of 6, e.g., sodium bichromate. Chromate may be added to drilling fluids eimer directly or as a constituent of chrome lignites or chrome lignosulfonates. In certain areas, chromate is widely used as a corrosion inhibitor, often in conjunction with lime.