دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: a device that secures, or fastens, equipment. In producing wells with sucker rod pumps, a gas anchor is a special section of perforated pipe installed below the pump. It provides a space for gas to break out of the oil. In offshore drilling, floating drilling vessels are often secured over drill sites by large anchors like those used on ships. For pipelines, a device that secures pipe in a ditch.

n: Means of holding the deadline to the derrick or substructure. Usually this is the primary element of the weight indicator

a device with slips that holds equipment in the wellbore.

n: any method used to raise oil to the surface through a well after reservoir pressure has declined to the point at which the well no longer produces by means of natural energy. Sucker rod pumps, gas lift, hydraulic pumps, and submersible electric pumps are the most common means of artificial lift.

one of several methods that provide pressure assistance to increase flow from a well. The most common systems lighten (decrease density) of the flowing fluid (gas lift),or remove all or part of the liquid head from the reservoir (beam and electric submer

v: in reference to tubing under the effects of temperature changes, sucker rod pumping, or high internal pressure, to increase in diameter while decreasing in length. Compare reverse-balloon.

n: (bbl) 1. a measure of volume for petroleum products in die United States. {A)e barrel is the equivalent of 42 US gallons or 0.15899 cubic meters (9,702 cubic inches). One cubic metre equals 6.2897 barrels. 2. the cylindrical part of a sucker rod pimp in whid1 the piston like plunger moves up and down. Operating as a piston inside a cylinder, the plunger and ~I create pressure energy to lift well fluid to the surface.

an oilfield measurement barrel is 42 US gallons or 5.615 ft3 or 6.28 barrels = 1 meters3. Note that reservoir barrels undergo shrinkage by the reservoir volume factor as gas escapes. Stock tank barrels are measured after gas escapes.

n: the weights on a beam pumping unit installed on the end of the walking beam, which is opposite the end over the well. The counterbalance offsets, or balances, the weight of sucker rods and other downhole equipment installed in the well.

n: a machine designed specifically for sucker rod pumping. An engine or motor (prime mover) is mounted on the unit to power a rotating crank. The crank moves a horizontal member (walking beam) up and down to produce reciprocating motion. This reciprocating motion operates the pump. Compare pump jack.

n: any of the rod pumps, high-pressure liquid pumps, or centrifugal pumps located at or near the bottom of the well and used to lift the well fluids. See centrifugal pump. hydraulic pumping. submersible pump. sucker rod pumping.

v: to move with a slight, irregular rhythm. Breathing occurs in tanks of vessels when vapours are expelled and air is taken in. For example, a tank of crude oil expands because of the rise in temperature during the day and contracts as it cools at night, expelling vapours as it expands and taking in air as it contracts. Tubing breathes when it moves up and down in sequence with a sucker rod pump.

n: a cable on a pumping unit, looped over the horsehead and connected to the carrier bar to support the polished rod clamp. See sucker rod pumping.

v: to cause the pump on a pumping unit to hit the bottom of the well by having too long a sucker rod string in the unit.