دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: the property by which a fluid in motion offers resistance to shear and flow. Usually expressed as newton seconds/metre.

the measure of a fluid’s ability to resist flow without regards to its density. It is defined as a fluid’s kinematic viscosity multiplied by its density.

v: to part or open fractures in productive hard limestone formations by using a combination of oil and acid or water and acid under high pressure. See formation fracturing.

to fracture stimulate a formation by injecting the acid over the parting pressure of the rock and using the acid to etch channels in the fracture face.

n: a method by which petroleum-bearing limestone or other formations are put into contact with an acid to enlarge the pore spaces and passages through which the reservoir fluids flow.

v: to treat oil-bearing limestone or other formations with acid for the purpose of increasing production. Hydrochloric or other acid is injected into the formation under pressure. The acid etches the rock, enlarging the pore spaces and passages through which the reservoir fluids flow. Acid also removes formation damage by dissolving material plugging the rock surrounding the wellbore. The acid is held under pressure for a period of time and then pumped out, after which the well is swabbed and put back into production. Chemical inhibitors combined with the acid prevent corrosion of the pipe. acid recovery plant n: plant for therecovery of sulfuric acid from acid sludge.

n: compression of air or gas that exists when no heat is transferred between the air or gas and surrounding bodies (such as the cylinders and pistons in a compressor). It is characterised by an increase in temperature during compression and a decrease in temperature during expansion.

n: (RSPA) a DOT agency that oversees the Office of Pipeline Safety, intermodal containers, highway portable tanks, railroad cars, and anything used in interstate or international commerce not regulated by the coast guard. Under OPA, RSPA has authority over onshore oil and hazardous materials pipelines that are used in interstate commerce. Address: 400 7th Street SW;Washington, DC 20590;(202) 366-4433.

n: The substance that can increase mud making rate of bentonite.

a surface piston driven pumping unit, similar to a beam lift unit.

n: a national trade association whose members are US and Canadian distributors of natural, manufactured, and mixed gases. AGA provides information on sales, finances, utilisation, and all phases of gas transmission and distribution. Its official publications are AGA Monthly and Operating Section Proceedings. Address: 1515 Wilson Boulevard;Arlington, VA 22209;(703) 841-8400;fax (703) 841- 8406.

n: oil trade organisation (founded in 1920) that is the leading standardising organisation for oilfield drilling and producing equipment. It maintains departments of transportation, refining, marketing, and production in Washington, DC. It offers publications regarding standards, recommended practices, and bulletins. Address: 1220 L Street NW;Washington, DC 20005;(202) 682-8000.