دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: a drilling mud, e.g., oil-base mud and invert-emulsion mud, in which oil is the continuous phase. It is useful in drilling certain formations that may be difficult or costly to drill with water-base mud. Compare oil-emulsion mud.

n: 1.A mud in which the external phase is a product obtained from an oil, such as diesel oil or mineral oil. 2.More generally, a mud system that has any type of nonaqueous fluid as the external phase. This definition would include the newer variety of oil mu

n: a water-base mud in which water is the continuous phase and oil is the dispersed phase. The oil is spread out, or dispersed, in the water in small droplets, which are tightly emulsified so that they do not settle out. Because of its lubricating abilities, an oil-emulsion mud increases the drilling rate and ensures better hole conditions than other muds. Compare oil mud.

n: any conventional or special water-base mud to which oil has been added. The oil becomes the dispersed phase and may be emulsified into the mud either mechanically or chemically. Also called oil-emulsion mud.

n: see caustic soda.

n: The common name for sodium hydroxide [NaOH]. Caustic soda is used in most water-base muds to increase and maintain pH and alkalinity. It is a hazardous material to handle because it is very caustic and gives off heat when dissolved in water. Proper traini

n: a drilling mud prepared by adding a surfactant to a water-base mud to change the colloidal state of the clay from that of complete dispersion to one of controlled flocculation. Such muds were originally designed for use in deep, hightemperature wells, but their many advantages (high chemical and thermal stability, minimum swelling effect on claybearing zones, lower plastic viscosity, and so on) extend their applicability.

n: A drilling fluid (mud) in which water or saltwater is the major liquid phase as well as the wetting (external) phase. General categories of water-base muds are freshwater, seawater, salt water, lime, potassium and silicate. Subcategorizes of these abound.

n: a drilling mud in which the continuous phase is water. In water-base muds, any additives are dispersed in the water. Compare oil-base mud.

A neutral zinc salt, ZnCO3, which can be used as a sulfide scavenger in water-base muds. Zinc carbonate is less soluble than zinc basic carbonate and perhaps slower to react with sulfide ions. Treatment level is about 0.1 lbm/bbl per 50 mg/L sulfide ion (

Zn(OH)2,formless and white powder, which can be used as a sulfide scavenger in water-base muds.