دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: a short rod on the lower end of the travelling valve of a rod pump. It is attached to the standing valve and is used to pull the valve out of its seat when repairs are needed.

empirically derived equation that describes the general relationship in rock between bulk densities (r) and acoustic velocities (v): r = 0.23v0.25.

n: a compressible fluid that completely fills any container in which it is confined. Technically, a gas will not condense when it is compressed and cooled, because a gas can exist only above the critical temperature for its particular composition. Below the critical temperature, this form of matter is known as a vapour, because liquid can exist and condensation can occur. Sometimes the terms gas" and "vapour" are used interchangeably. The latter, however, should be used for those streams in which condensation can occur and that originate from, or are in equilibrium with, a liquid phase.

n: comparison of the sum of the volumes of gas production or receipts with the sum of the volumes of the dispositions of the gas.

n: an agreement between partners in a joint-interest well to determine the share due each partner if the gas is sold to two or more markets. Stated another way, an agreement covering the manner in which volumes of deferred gas production or exchange gas will be balanced between the parties to the agreement.

n: a constant number, mathematically the product of the total volume and the total pressure divided by the absolute temperature for 1 mole of any ideal gas mixture of ideal gases at any temperature.

the volume of reservoir gas resulting in one standard cubic foot.

n: the injection of gas into a reservoir to maintain formation pressure by gas drive and to reduce the rate of decline of the original reservoir drive. One type of gas injection uses gas that does not mix (i.e., that is not miscible) with the oil. Examples of these gases include natural gas, nitrogen, and flue gas. Another type uses gas that does mix (i.e., that is miscible) with the oil. The gas may be naturally miscible or become miscible under high pressure. Examples of miscible gases include propane, methane enriched with other light hydrocarbons, methane under high pressure, and carbon dioxide under pressure. Frequently, water is also injected in alternating steps with the gas.

the technique of injecting gas into a reservoir. It may be done for pressure maintenance, oil viscosity reduction, light end stripping or storage.

n pi: laws such as Charless, Boyles, and Avogadros that describe the behaviour of gas volumes under pressure and temperature.

n: the process of raising or lifting fluid from a well by injecting gas down the well through tubing or through the tubingcasing annulus. Injected gas aerates the fluid to make it exert less pressure than the formation does;the resulting higher formation pressure forces the fluid out of the wellbore. Gas may be injected continuously or intermittently, depending on the producing characteristics of the well and the arrangement of the gas-lift equipment.

one of the artificial lift methods that uses gas injected down the annulus and interspersed into the flowing fluids in the tubing to lessen the density and to assist in vertical flow by gas expansion.