دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

v: to part or open fractures in productive hard limestone formations by using a combination of oil and acid or water and acid under high pressure. See formation fracturing.

to fracture stimulate a formation by injecting the acid over the parting pressure of the rock and using the acid to etch channels in the fracture face.

n: Breaks at different joints in turn in order to check every joint periodically and avoid joint galling and thread fracturing.

Injection of fluids down the annulus or “backside”. Common as a gas supply path for gas lift. Also used in some fracturing operations, to spot fluids downhole when no packer is used or a type of injection valve is in the tubing to allow entry of chemicals

n pi: balls made of nylon, hard rubber, or both and used to shut off perforations through which excessive fluid is being lost.

n: Made by nylon or ebonite. Used to block off the opening in the capital string and prevent fluid lossing when fracturing.

small, rubber-covered, hard centered balls that can seal individual perforations during a chemical treatment.

venting of fluids to surface through channels in cement or behind pipe (well control barrier failure) or unintended fracturing into a adjacent formation.

n: 1. forcing gas back into a formation by pumping into the annulus from the surface.2. any pumping procedure in which fluid is pumped into the well against pressure.

forcing fluids in the pipe into the formation at a pressure higher than the pore pressure and sometimes higher than the fracturing breakdown pressure. Used to displace a kick out of the pipe when wellbore and wellhead pressure limits permits.

v: to lower the drill stem rapidly a few feet into the hole and then stop it suddenly with the drawworks brake. A surge of pressure in the mud in the drill stem and annular space results and may help to flush out debris accumulated in or on die pipe. The pressure surge may break down a formation, however, causing lost circulation, or may damage the bit if it is near the bottom.

v: Landing the drill string speedily and then braking. This operation can produce stiring pressure to clean the cutting laying up in the drill pipe. But this pressure may lead to formation fracturing or circulation loss.

n: a continuous string of flexible steel tubing, often hundreds or thousands of feet long, that is wound onto a reel, often dozens of feet in diameter. The reel is an integral part of the coiled tubing unit, which consists of several devices that ensure the tubing can be safely and efficiently inserted into the well from the surface. Because tubing can be lowered into a well without having to make up joints of tubing, running coiled tubing into the well is faster and less expensive than running conventional tubing. Rapid advances in the use of coiled tubing make it a popular way in which to run tubing into and out of a well. Also called reeled tubing.

n: (1)A long, continuous length of pipe wound on a spool. The pipe is straightened prior to pushing into a wellbore, and is recoiled to spool the pipe back onto the transport and storage spool. (2)A generic term relating to the use of a coiled tubing techniq

a continuous reeled tube from 1” diameter to >3.5” diameter. The tubing is injected into a well via a coiled tubing unit (CTU) and can be used to unload wells with liquid, foams or gasses, logging, fracturing, etc.

opening up secondary natural fractures that may be orthogonal to the planar fracture. Also – networked fractures and shear fracturing.