دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: 1. the breaking down of low temperatures and pressures.2. a motor gasoline refining process in which heavy hydrocarbon components are broken down into light hydrocarbon components using catalysts and relatively low temperatures and pressures. It produces a gasoline that has a higher octane rating and a lower sulphur content than that produced by thermal cracking.

n: 1. a solid cellular residue produced from the dry distillation of certain carbonceous materials that contains carbon as its principal constituent 2. a residue of heavier hydrocarbons formed by thermal cracking and distillation and deposited in the reservoir during in situ combustion. This residue catches fire and becomes the fuel for continued combustion.

a generally insoluble hydrocarbon that has been oxidized to the point of a solid, often hard mass.

n: the hydrocarbon liquid lighter than kerosene that can be recovered by catalytic or thermal cracking in a refinery.

n: the process of breaking down large chemical compounds into smaller compounds under the influence of heat or catalysts. In petroleum refining, the two major types of cracking are thermal cracking and

n: in improved recovery, the amount of coke available for in situ combustion. measured in pounds per cubic foot of burned area. Coke is formed by thermal cracking and distillation in the combustion zone. The amount of available coke depends on the composition of the reservoir cn* oil.

n: the process of making oils of low boiling range (100O-550�F, 37.8�- 287.8�C),to be used for motor fuels and burning oils, from oils of high boiling range (550�- 800�F, 287.8�-426. 7�C),such as gas oil and fuel oil. All modem commercial methods get this breaking-down action by subjecting the high boiling oils to high temperatures. Pressure up to 1,000 pounds per square inch (6,895 kilopascals) is used for producing a dense system and for making sure of good contact within the desired temperature and in an apparatus of reason- able size.

natural thermal cracking of sedimentary organic material to oil and gas (C14 isotope is absent).